Sangamgrama Madhavan
Sangamgrama Madhavan was a mathematician and astronomer who lived in Irinjalakuda, Kerala. His real name was Irinjatappilly Madhavan Namboothiri. His important discoveries were in the fields of algebra, trigonometry, the exact evaluation of pi (π), and calculus, which later helped the development of science in India and the West. He is considered the founder of mathematics in Kerala. He was the one who discovered mathematical methods using infinite series two centuries before Western scholars developed them. Born in 1340, Madhavan was the first in the world to develop a method for determining the perimeter of a circle using infinite series. Western scholars like James Gregory, Leibniz, and Lambert found a method to determine the circumference of a circle using the same method only after three centuries. However, the fame of this discovery still belongs to Gregory and his colleagues. Born in 1340 Wrote Vernvarohamin 1400 Discovered a mathematical method for determining the position of the moon Found the value of pi accurate to 10 decimal places and invented infinite series of sentences Death in 1425 Madhavan was born in Irinjalakuda in Thrissur district. He introduced himself in his works as Madhavan from Sangamgrama. Sangamgrama is Irinjalakuda (the village where Bharata lives).. His home name was Ilinjippally. Madhavan was the teacher of Vadassery Parameswaran, who devised the mathematical system called Drigganitham. Madhavan died in 1425. Madhavan was able to determine the value of pi (π{\displaystyle \pi }) to ten decimal places. Madhavan indicated that this value could be calculated as the sum of a series, in a verse on finding the circumference of a circle. Leibniz discovered that the value of pi could be determined as the sum of a series, three centuries after Madhavan's statement (i.e. in 1673). According to the formula developed by Madhavan in the 14th century, the approximate value of pi is 3.14159265359. The approximate value accepted by modern mathematics is 3.14159265. In addition, Madhavan made many contributions that guided later Indian mathematics. Madhavan's contributions include a method for accurately calculating the positions of the moon and stars at each time, and the development of trigonometric formulas such as Sin(A+B){\displaystyle Sin(A+B)}. He composed 248 lunar formulas for lunar calculations. Madhavan was an authority on spherical mathematics. Madhavan also calculated the positions of the planets Mercury, Mars, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn in the years A.D. 1236, 1276, 1354, 1396, 1398, and 1418. Madhavan made this breakthrough at a time when no systems for astronomical observation had been developed. Madhavan's most important work is Venvaroham, written in Sanskrit in 74 verses on palm leaves in 1400. This book presents innovative methods to accurately determine the position of the moon, which is helpful to astrologers. Other works believed to have been written by Madhavan include Lagnaprakaranam, Mahajyanayanam, Madhyamanayanam, Aganitam, Aganitha Panchangam, and Aganitha Grahacharam. The work Lagnaprakaranam has been discovered and published by the Archaeological Research Centre of St. Joseph's College, Irinjalakuda. It was published as part of the research project on the life and contributions of Sangamgrama Madhavan. Many prominent people from Keralites are among those who have made valuable contributions to the history of Indian science, especially in the field of mathematics and astrology. Mathematical geniuses who formulated theories known by the names of many Western mathematicians lived in Kerala before them. The list goes on and on, including Sangamgrama Madhavan, Neelakanta Somayaji, Puthumana Chomathiri, Haridathan, and Vadassery Parameswaran. But the social structure that prevented knowledge from reaching the common people, and the fact that such a field of knowledge developed in Sanskrit, which was inaccessible to the common people, caused the contributions of our scholars to be confined to a small circle. They did not become world-renowned. By the time the outside world knew about those discoveries, Western scholars had already acquired the fame of them. Madhavan's contributions are at least partly known to the world today due to the efforts of many scholars like K.V. Sharma. Venvaroham was published by the Tripunithura Sanskrit College in 1956 with an introduction by K.V. Sharma. This book has also been published there with a Malayalam translation by Thrikandiyur Achuthappisharody. K.V. Sharma also identified and published Madhavan's Chandravakyams. Madhaveeyam. The installation Madhaveeyam in the Script Garden, set up in the courtyard of St. Joseph's College, Irinjalakuda, is a tribute to Madhavan from his birthplace. It is a synthesis of mathematics, music, art, astronomy, script, etc. The world still needs to know the greatness of Malayalis.
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