Biomechanics of Hummingbird Flight: Aerodynamics, Muscle and Skeleton Function with Dr. Bret Tobalsk

Hummingbirds are the smallest vertebrates, the only birds capable of sustained hovering, and exhibit phenomenal maneuvering. We will explore how they use their wings, muscles and wing skeleton to accomplish amazing flight performance. In key ways, the evolution of hummingbirds has converged on insect solutions for flight. Peak maneuvering is exhibited during escape maneuvers from looming threats. Evolution often is the result of tradeoffs, and in the case of hummingbirds, their cruising flight performance is not as effective as that of their closest relatives, the swifts.