Various tests are performed to ensure the performance and safety of the transformer. Below are the important tests and their brief reasons:
1. *Insulation Resistance (IR) Test*
- Checks the insulation condition between the coil and the core. Helps prevent short circuits.
2. *Transformer Turns Ratio (TTR) Test*
- Checks whether there is a defect in the voltage ratio of the primary and secondary.
3. *Winding Resistance Test*
- The resistance of the coil is measured. Helps to understand whether excess heat is being generated.
4. *Vector Group Test*
- Checks the phase shift and connection type. Helps in load balancing.
5. *No Load Test:*
- *Purpose:*
- To determine the core loss and magnetizing current of the transformer.
- *Why is it done:*
- It is known how much power the transformer consumes when it is on but no load is connected.
- The quality of the core can be checked.
- The condition of the oil and insulation can also be indirectly known.
6. *Full Load Test:*
- *Purpose:*
- To determine the copper loss, voltage drop, heating effect and efficiency of the transformer.
- *Why is it done:*
- It is known how effective the transformer is when it works at its maximum capacity.
- The temperature tolerance of the coil and connection is checked.
- The risk of overloading or creating a heater is assessed.
7. *Magnetizing Current Test*
- Check whether the magnetic nature of the core is correct. Additional losses are detected.
8. *Short Circuit Impedance Test*
- Check the response of the transformer to short circuit conditions.
9 *Dielectric Strength Test (BDV Test)*
- Checks the insulating capacity of transformer oil. Protects against flashover.
10 *Temperature Rise Test*
- Measures how hot the coil gets at maximum load. Important to prevent overheating.
11. *Oil Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA)*
- Analyzes gas in oil to identify internal defects such as arcing or hot spots.
12. *Leakage Test*
- Checks whether oil or gas is leaking. Important to ensure safe operation.
#TransformerTesting #transformer
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