*Tuberculosis (TB)* is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs, but can also affect other parts of the body.
*Key Facts:*
1. *Transmission*: TB spreads through the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks.
2. *Symptoms*: Cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and fatigue.
3. *Types*: Latent TB (dormant) and active TB (symptomatic).
4. *Diagnosis*: Chest X-ray, sputum test, and tuberculin skin test.
5. *Treatment*: Antibiotics, typically a combination of medications, for 6-12 months.
*Prevention:*
1. *Vaccination*: BCG vaccine can help prevent severe forms of TB in children.
2. *Screening*: Regular screening for latent TB in high-risk groups.
3. *Infection control*: Proper ventilation, masks, and isolation to prevent transmission.
*Global Impact:*
1. *High burden*: TB is a major public health concern in many parts of the world.
2. *Drug resistance*: Emergence of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB) poses significant challenges.
*Importance of Treatment:*
1. *Cure*: Proper treatment can cure TB and prevent long-term complications.
2. *Prevention of transmission*: Treatment reduces the risk of transmission to others.
If you suspect you or someone you know has TB, consult a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
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